E-Commerce and Ethical Business Practices: The Role of DSN-MUI Fatwa

Randhy Nugroho, Ely Nurhayati

Abstract


In light of the rapid expansion of e-commerce, this study critically examines the role of the National Sharia Board-Indonesian Council of Ulama (DSN-MUI) fatwas (No. 144 and 146) in fostering ethical business practices within online marketplaces. With the ongoing digital transformation, aligning business practices with Islamic ethical standards has become increasingly critical. This research critically evaluates the practical implementation of Sharia-compliant consignment contracts on two leading platforms, Shopee and Tokopedia, using a document analysis approach. Findings indicate that current consignment contracts largely comply with DSN-MUI guidelines despite the absence of explicit contractual formulations. Furthermore, both Shopee and Tokopedia have implemented preventive and corrective mechanisms to deter prohibited transactions, such as tadlis (concealment of defects) and ghisy (quality mismatch). However, a notable gap exists in measures addressing tanajusy (demand engineering) transactions. The study suggests that issuing additional fatwas specifically targeting tanajusy transactions, along with adopting Islamic compliance labeling, could further strengthen the ethical framework of the e-commerce sector.

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ABSTRAK - E-Commerce dan Praktik Bisnis Beretika: Peran Fatwa DSN-MUI. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan e-commerce yang pesat, kebutuhan untuk menyelaraskan praktik bisnis dengan standar etika Islam semakin mendesak. Penelitian ini mengkaji peran fatwa DSN-MUI (No.144 dan 146) dalam mendorong perilaku bisnis beretika di platform ritel daring. Penelitian ini secara kritis mengevaluasi implementasi kontrak konsinyasi pada dua platform e-commerce terkemuka, yaitu Shopee dan Tokopedia. dan menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis dokumen, penelitian ini menguji kesesuaian praktik kontraktual dengan kedua fatwa DSN-MUI tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kontrak konsinyasi saat ini secara substansial telah memenuhi persyaratan DSN-MUI meskipun tidak ada formulasi kontrak eksplisit. Selain itu, kedua platform telah menerapkan mekanisme preventif dan korektif untuk mencegah transaksi terlarang seperti tadlis (penyembunyian cacat) dan ghisy (ketidaksesuaian kualitas). Namun, penelitian juga mengungkapkan adanya kekurangan dalam mekanisme yang mengatasi transaksi tanajusy (rekayasa permintaan). Penelitian ini menyarankan untuk penerbitan fatwa tambahan yang khusus mengatur transaksi tanajusy, serta penerapan label kepatuhan syariah, sehingga dapat memperkuat iklim etis di sektor e-commerce.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/share.v14i1.23296

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